바인드
DDNet 클라이언트에는 거의 모든 키와 마우스 버튼에 바인딩(binding)할 수 있는 다양한 커맨드와 세팅들이 있습니다. 기본적으로 F1을 눌러 액세스하는 콘솔 창에서 명령어을 입력할 수 있습니다.
구문
단일 바인드
bind [키] [커맨드/세팅] [값]
위 명령어는 단순 바인드의 기본적인 구문입니다.
- [키] 는 명령어를 바인딩하려는 키보드/ 마우스의 설정 공간입니다. 다시말해 설정해 놓고 싶은 조작키를 설정하는 곳입니다.
- [커맨드/세팅] 모든 명령어와 세팅 용어의 전체 목록은 여기에서 찾을 수 있습니다.
- [값]은 설정하려는데 있어서 지정하려는 변수 또는 명령어에 대한 인수를 넣는 공간입니다. 모든 명령어에 인수가 필요한 것은 아닙니다.
여기에서 키 코드를 찾거나 DDNet 클라이언트에서 설정 -> 조작에 있는 것 중 하나를 일시적으로 입력해보면 키 이름이 표시가 됩니다. 바인드와 함께 수정 키를 사용할 수도 있습니다.
bind ctrl+[키] [커멘드/세팅] [값]
ctrl, alt, shift 및 gui를 함께 사용할 수 있습니다. gui는 Windows의 Windows 키, macos/osx의 커맨드 키, Linux의 super/meta를 나타내는 데 사용됩니다.
다중 바인드
커맨드/세팅을 세미콜론(;)으로 구분하고 따옴표로 묶어 함께 연결할 수도 있습니다. 원하는 만큼 해당 체인에 명령을 추가할 수 있습니다.
bind [키] "[커맨드/세팅] [값]; [커맨드/세팅] [값]"
이렇게 하면 여러 가지의 명렁어를 함께 연결하면 모든 커맨드/세팅들이 정확히 동시에 게임에서 실행된다는 점이 중요합니다. 즉, 작성한 순서대로 순차적으로 실행되지 않는다는 의미입니다. 간격을 두어 지연시키는 유형의 명령어는 없습니다. 순서대로 작업을 수행하는 가장 좋은 방법은 시퀀스의 각 단계마다 다른 키를 바인딩하거나 구성 파일을 사용하여 하나의 키를 여러 번 눌러 여러 파일을 읽는 것입니다.
중첩 바인드
백슬래시(\)를 사용하여 각각의 새 따옴표 집합을 탈출 처리하여 여러 따옴표로 묶인 문자열을 한 줄에 중첩할 수 있습니다.
bind [키] "bind [키] \"[커맨드/세팅] [값]; bind [키] \\\"[커맨드/세팅] [값] \\\"\""
위의 명령어처럼 명령어가 질어지면 백슬래시도 탈출 처리해야 합니다. 각각의 새 레이어가 다시 탈출 해제되므로 레이어당 백슬래시 양을 두 배로 늘려야 합니다. 콘솔에서 오류를 표시하기 전까지 사용할 수 있는 최대 백슬래시를 사용한 레이어 수는 5입니다. 이는 콘솔의 최대 문자 제한이 255이기 때문입니다. 6개의 레이어에 대한 백슬래시의 양은 240(1*2 + 3*2 + 7*2 + 15*2 + 31*2 + 63*2)이므로 15만 남습니다.
1 = 1 \
2 = 3 \\\ 3 = 7 \\\\\\\ 4 = 15 \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ 5 = 31 \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\
If this is confusing to look at, try making a new line and indent for each escaped quote to get a more clear visual idea of what's happening.
bind [key] "bind [key] \"[command/setting] [value]; bind [key] \\\"[command/setting] [value]; bind [key] \\\\\\\"[command/setting] [value] \\\\\\\" \\\" \" "
Note: You cannot run a config file formatted as the example above is, it will not work. This example is just to get a clear visual idea of how a nested bind is constructed.
Useful Commands & Settings
Toggles
Toggles are a way to use a single key to alternate between 2 values for a setting. There are two types of toggles.
- toggle is used so that each time you press a key, it will change between one of the two values for the setting
- +toggle is used so that your first value is set only while the key is being pressed, and the second value is set when the key is released.
bind [key] toggle [setting] [value1] [value2]
bind [key] +toggle [setting] [value1] [value2] Toggles only work for client settings. They cannot be used for client or chat commands.
Say
Say is an important client command for binding. It allows you to incorporate chat commands into a bind as well as just send text to the chat.
bind [key] say /[chat command]
bind [key] say [chat message]
Colors
Some client commands allow you to set colors.
- player_color_body
- player_color_feet
- cl_message_client_color
are a few examples.
To get the correct color values, go to Settings > Tee, and use the sliders to find the color you want. Go into the console and type the command for the color you're trying to set, by itself with no value. The number that comes after "Value:" is the relevant number.
player_color_body 5635840 or, if you prefer to use the hexadecimal value:
player_color_body $00FF00
It will also accept a few color values by name. red, yellow, green, cyan, blue, magenta, white, gray, black all work.
Emotes
The emote command can be used to display emotes without using the emote wheel. Each emote is represented by a different number.
| emote 0 | oop |
| emote 1 | exclamation |
| emote 2 | hearts |
| emote 3 | drop |
| emote 4 | dotdot |
| emote 5 | music |
| emote 6 | sorry |
| emote 7 | ghost |
| emote 8 | sushi |
| emote 9 | splattee |
| emote 10 | deviltee |
| emote 11 | zomg |
| emote 12 | zzz |
| emote 13 | wtf |
| emote 14 | eyes |
| emote 15 | question |
For example:
bind h emote 14
Other
binds [key] You can use this command to print what's bound to a single key. Use it without a key at the end to get a full list of all your current binds.
unbind [key]
Will unbind whatever key you specify.
Using Config Files
Syntax
For more complicated binds, you can make text files containing settings/commands that get executed via a key press.
settings.cfg
[command/setting] [value] [command/setting] [value] [command/setting] [value]; [command/setting] [value] [command/setting] [value]; [command/setting] [value] bind [key] [command/setting] [value] bind [key] exec [file.cfg]
Settings/commands can be chained together via a semicolon or by just using a new line. You can put as many commands/settings/binds as you want in these files.
Note: You don't need to use .cfg as the extension. You can actually use any file extension you want. .cfg just seems to be the standard.
Path/Exec
In order to execute these files, you need to put them in correct directory and execute them with the exec command. The correct path depends on your operating system. To find the right path for your operating system, see Where is the DDNet config, config directory or save directory?
Once the files are in the correct path, you can execute them in the game console with the exec command.
exec [file.cfg]
or
bind [key] exec [file.cfg]
You can use sub-directories within the 'DDNet' or 'Teeworlds' directory to organize files. Just include the path when you execute the file.
bind [key] exec [path/to/file.cfg]
Improved toggle with config files
The most common reason to use config files is to create a single-key toggle to alternate between two files.
file1.cfg
[command/setting] [value] [command/setting] [value] [command/setting] [value] bind [key] exec file2.cfg
file2.cfg
[command/setting] [value] [command/setting] [value] [command/setting] [value] bind [key] exec file1.cfg
In this case, [key] would be the same key in both files. This way each time you press the key, it will switch to the other file. Once you have both of these files in the correct path, you can exec either one just once and they will be bound forever until you unbind them.
bind [key] exec file1.cfg
You can use this method to cycle between any amount of files.
Customization
Echo
As a more clear way to show which file you're activating when you press a bind, you can use the echo command to display which one is active.
[command/setting] [value] [command/setting] [value] echo setting ON bind [key] exec file1.cfg
To take this a step further, there is a command to change the color of the echo messages.
[command/setting] [value] [command/setting] [value] cl_message_client_color red echo setting OFF bind [key] exec file1.cfg
Having different colors for "on" and "off" binds makes it a bit easier to notice which setting you've activated. If you want to get more creative with colors, see colors.
Comments
You can put comments in your bind files too.
# These lines change some settings
[command/setting] [value]
[command/setting] [value]
# This next line rebinds the key
bind [key] exec file1.cfg
Examples
Hook line always on
The command cl_show_hook_coll_own, sets whether you will see your own hook collision line or not when you hold your +showhookcoll bind (defaulted to S). When set to 2, your hook collision line will always show only to you. Others players won't see it.
hook_line_on.cfg
cl_show_hook_coll_own 2 cl_message_client_color green echo Hook Line ON bind x exec hook_line_off.cfg
hook_line_off.cfg
cl_show_hook_coll_own 1 cl_message_client_color red echo Hook Line OFF bind x exec hook_line_on.cfg
Put both of these in the correct path, and in console:
bind x exec hook_line_on.cfg
Everyone's hooklines
The command cl_show_hook_coll_other allows you to see other tee's hooklines, which can be useful when they are out of your view. You can add this to the basic hookline bind to "upgrade" it:
cl_show_hook_coll_other
bind x "+showhookcoll; +toggle cl_show_hook_coll_other 2 1"
Deep Fly
The deep fly bind is a way to make your dummy hammer/fire toward you whenever you fire with your main tee. If your dummy is deep frozen, they can hammer back at you when you hammer them with this bind on. You can use this to fly with your dummy, but it takes practice. If your dummy is not deep frozen, you can just use this as a alternative version of the regular Dummy Hammerfly bind included in the games settings, where you can fire your pistol each time you want to be hammered. It offers better control since you can control the timing of your dummy's hammers.
Note: If the mapper has set sv_deepfly 0 on their map, you will not be able to deep fly with a deep frozen tee, since it can sometimes enable players to do parts in ways that the mapper did not intend. The deep fly bind will still work normally with frozen or unfrozen tees. As a player, this is not a setting you can adjust.
The command cl_dummy_hammer 1 is what is used for the regular Dummy Hammerfly bind in the games control options. By using a toggle, you can make your dummy hammer you only when you fire, and can make an on/off switch with config files.
Using 2 Config Files
deepfly_on.cfg
bind mouse1 "+fire; +toggle cl_dummy_hammer "1 0" cl_message_client_color green echo Deep Fly ON bind x exec deepfly_off.cfg
deepfly_off.cfg
bind mouse1 +fire cl_dummy_hammer 0 cl_message_client_color red echo Deep Fly OFF bind x exec deepfly_on.cfg
Put both of these in the correct path, and in console:
bind x exec deepfly_on.cfg
Using 1 Config File
You can accomplish the same thing as above using only 1 config file.
bind x "bind mouse1 \"+fire; +toggle cl_dummy_hammer 1 0\";cl_message_client_color green; echo Deep Fly ON; bind x \"bind mouse1 +fire; cl_dummy_hammer 0; cl_message_client_color red; echo Deep Fly OFF; exec deepfly.cfg\"" Put this file in the correct path, and in console:
bind x exec deepfly.cfg
Note 1: This assumes mouse1 is your +fire bind.
Note 2: If you turn deep fly off while you're holding your +fire bind, your dummy will get stuck in a hammering rhythm since cl_dummy_hammer is set to 1 still. The cl_dummy_hammer 0 line in deepfly_off.cfg fixes this.
Weapon Swapping
If your dummy isn't holding hammer when you turn the bind on, they will switch back and forth between pistol and hammer. If you want to fix this:
cl_dummy_restore_weapon 0
Now if they're holding pistol when you start using the bind, they will switch to hammer and stay there after 1 pistol shot. There are however some benefits of having this setting set to 1.
cl_dummy_restore_weapon 1
This will allow you to laser yourself with your dummy with perfect aim. It can also be useful with shotgun.
To manage dealing with both of these settings, you can either create a toggle, use config files, or have this setting attached to your weapon binds.
bind [key] "+weapon1; cl_dummy_restore_weapon 0"
bind [key] "+weapon5; cl_dummy_restore_weapon 1" This of course only works if you have dedicated weapon binds as opposed to +nextweapon and +prevweapon which is by default bound to mousewheelup and mousewheeldown.
45° Aiming
This bind allows you to only aim in 45° angles when holding down the key. This is useful for shooting rockets straight up for double rockets and a few other scenarios.
bind x "+toggle cl_mouse_max_distance 2 400; +toggle inp_mousesens 1 200; +showhookcoll"
Keep in mind that if you have changed cl_mouse_max_distance or inp_mousesens from the default, using the example above will reset those settings to default. Before you just enter the binds, check your settings for both first by typing cl_mouse_max_distance and inp_mousesens into the console.
bind x "+toggle cl_mouse_max_distance 2 [Your Value]; +toggle inp_mousesens 1 [Your Value]; +showhookcoll"
Note: the +showhookcoll line is optional. It's just helpful to see which way you're aiming since your tee's eyes don't follow the 45° constraints, and by nature of how this bind works, your crosshair won't show direction either.
Rainbow Tee
You will sometimes see players rapidly changing color as they play. To do this you just have to bind a player_color_body change to each of your regular movement inputs.
bind a "+left; player_color_body red"
You can do this for several common inputs and get a variety of to cycle through.
rainbow_tee.cfg
bind a "+left; player_color_body red" bind d "+right; player_color_body yellow" bind space "+jump; player_color_body green" bind mouse1 "+fire; player_color_body blue" bind mouse2 "+hook; player_color_body cyan"
Here's an example of what a rainbow tee file looks like. You could save that in the correct path and execute it once.
exec rainbow_tee.cfg
Or if you want a key to toggle it on and off:
rainbow_tee_on.cfg
bind a "+left; player_color_body red" bind d "+right; player_color_body yellow" bind space "+jump; player_color_body green" bind mouse1 "+fire; player_color_body blue" bind mouse2 "+hook; player_color_body cyan" bind x exec rainbow_tee_off.cfg
rainbow_tee_off.cfg
bind a +left bind d +right bind space +jump bind mouse1 +fire bind mouse2 +hook bind x exec rainbow_tee_on.cfg
Put both of these in the correct path, and in console:
bind x exec rainbow_tee_on.cfg
You can of course get more creative with colors and use player_color_feet too. To learn more about how colors work, see colors
Note: This assumes you have default binds for left, right, jump, fire, and hook.
See also
- Just bind it - Useful binds available for copying
- Take Binding to the next level, with Scripting! - Another forum post about more advanced binds
- Teeworlds New Binding Tutorial by Klex - A video tutorial about binds by KlexMikrowelle